巨厚强非均质性砂岩储层酸化技术

以最大程度解堵、最小程度对岩心破坏、最优化酸液置放为目标对巨厚强非均质性砂岩储层酸液体系和酸化工艺进行了探索。采用钻井液伤害实验与酸化解堵实验相结合、长岩心实验与短岩心实验相结合,宏观测试与微观分析相结合的思路。进行研究结果表明,对于泥质含量高、胶结疏松的储层可适当增加前置酸浓度(HCl浓度增加到15%),同时降低主体酸HF浓度(降低到1%)。岩心切片结合电镜扫描分析确定伤害深度和解堵半径,为用酸规模优化提供依据。对于巨厚的孔隙型储层,可以通过封隔器分隔+变密度射孔+转向酸的组合模式实现储层均匀改造,而对于裂缝发育段应该坚持"大排量、大液量、高泵压"的改造模式以实现储层深度解堵。     

元坝气田长兴组生物礁层序沉积及其对储层发育的控制

四川盆地元坝气田上二叠统长兴组气藏目前已全面转向开发,随着开发工作的有序推进,迫切需要精细描述储层结构,总结储层发育的控制因素。为此,基于岩心观察、薄片鉴定结果,结合物性数据、测井曲线等分析成果,重点研究了该区长兴组生物礁的层序地层、沉积相、储层特征以及储层结构。结果表明:①该区长兴组可划分为2个三级层序和6个四级层序,高频层序界面上、下电测曲线突变响应特征明显,电测曲线组合变化特征与高频层序所控制的沉积旋回具有较好的一致性;②长兴组生物礁主要发育在上部三级层序(SQ2)中的台地边缘外侧并呈条带状分布,纵向上由2个明显的成礁旋回构成,在横向上具有"东早西晚"不对称规模发育的分布特征;③生物礁(滩)型储层总体以低孔隙度、中低渗透率溶孔白云岩储层为主,主要发育于2个四级层序中部上部生物礁礁盖部位,具有"层数多、单层薄、不同类型储层呈不等厚互层、非均质性强"和"双层储层结构"的特征。结论认为.高频层序控制了该区生物礁沉积微相的分布,是影响储层发育与空间展布的关键因素。     

银额盆地路井凹陷下白垩统巴一段储层特征及其影响因素

近年来,银额盆地路井凹陷的油气勘探取得了一些成果,但其勘探程度低且地质条件复杂,储层特征及其影响因素尚不明确。本文从储层岩石学特征着手,运用常规物性分析、岩石薄片及铸体薄片等资料分析了储层特征,从沉积相、压实作用、岩屑组分和粒度等方面探讨了储层的影响因素。巴一段储层岩性主要为岩屑砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩,砂岩多呈粗粒砂状结构,磨圆度差到中等,分选中到差。胶结类型主要为孔隙式胶结,成分成熟度较低。平均孔隙度5.2%,平均渗透率0.58×10^-3μm^2。储层孔隙类型主要有粒间孔和粒间溶孔,次生孔隙构成较主要的储集空间。储集层主要分布在扇三角洲前缘。储层物性随着深度的增加而变差,但局部存在高渗带,可能与酸溶作用有关,随着勘探的进一步深入,需要进一步研究。     

Self-Diverting Acid System with Retarding Function for Heterogeneous Carbonate Reservoirs Stimulation

Matrix acidization, an important technology for reservoir stimulation, has encountered challenges regarding heterogeneity. In addition to not achieving desired results, conventional acidization makes reservoir heterogeneity more prominent. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of a surfactant-based functional acid system for uniform acidization in carbonate reservoirs. The two surfactants used in such acid systems are industrial initial products, which can be converted to a hydrochloride surfactant in hydrochloric acid. The conversion alters viscosity in reaction processes and can slow down reaction rates to allow for deeper rock penetration while at the same time forcing fresh acid into the untreated areas. The acid system can enhance well production considerably. It was found that the surfactant solution exhibited a relatively high viscosity at 90°C and is conducive to acid diverting. The retarding rate of the acid system was found to be up to 48%, allowing for deeper penetration. Parallel core flood testing indicates that the acid system exhibits superior diverting performance when compared to regular acid at 20 wt% HCl.     

王快水库与西大洋水库连通条件下入库径流演变及影响因素分析

研究王快水库与西大洋水库两库连通状态下的入库径流变化规律与丰枯遭遇,对于保障雄安新区用水安全有重要意义。基于1971~2015年共45年的径流和降水的月数据系列,利用滑动平均法、有序聚类法、不均匀系数、集中度、集中期和频率分析法等,研究了王快与西大洋水库入库径流的年际年内变化,并分析了两库的丰枯遭遇状况。结果表明,王快水库与西大洋水库年际入库径流总体呈减少趋势,随时间变化表现出丰枯交替现象,45年间均出现两次突变,突变时间为1979、1996年;入库径流年内分配不均匀性、集中程度均呈下降趋势,随着时间推移入库径流年内分配趋于均匀,两库入库径流的变化规律在年际、年内一致。不论是全年还是年内各月,王快水库与西大洋水库丰枯同步频率大于丰枯异步频率,丰枯同步性高,丰枯补偿特征不明显。入库径流的变化受降水及人类活动的综合作用影响。研究成果可为径流调控提供参考。     

Remaining useful life prediction of PEMFC based on cycle reservoir with jump model

Accurate prognosis of limited durability is one of the key factors for the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) on a large scale. Thanks to ignoring the structure of the PEMFC and simplifying the prognostic process, the data-driven prognostic approaches was the commonly used for predicting remaining useful life (RUL) at present. In this paper, the proposed cycle reservoir with jump (CRJ) model improves the ESN model, changes the connection mode of neurons in the reservoir and speeds up the linear fitting process. The experiment will verify the performance of CRJ model to predict stacks voltage under static current and quasi-dynamic current conditions. In addition, the reliability of the CRJ model is verified with different amount of data as the training and test sets. The experimental results demonstrate that the CRJ model can achieve better effect in the remaining useful life prognosis of fuel cells.     

Application nonparametric criteria in the analysis of oil fields development

Waterflood or pressure maintenance project is considered one of several methods of enhanced oil recovery, which is widely being used in oil fields. Water injection efficiency analysis is very important for operation future plan and finds out if any opportunity is available to improve project performance. The conventional methods beside nonparametric criteria have been applied in this research in order to evaluate water injection operation. Gini coefficient analysis has been used to illustrate the water injection impact in terms of oil and water production trends over the time of injection operation.     

The influence of bitumen on reservoir properties and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Santai Area of the Junggar Basin,North Western China

Bitumen's influence on reservoir properties and hydrocarbon accumulation in Santai area was studied by experiment measures and geochemical evidences. The porosity and permeability of the sandstones containing bitumen increased significantly by dissolving experiments, implying that bitumen strongly influences the reservoir properties. The analysis reveals that there were two stages of hydrocarbon accumulation. In the first stage oil migrated into coarse-grained sandstone and then degraded to bitumen, which deteriorated the reservoir properties. The second stage oil had to migrate into fine-grained sandstones, or the residual pores of the bitumen-containing coarse-grained sandstone. Exploration in this area should avoid the bitumen distribution zone.     

三门峡水库汛期排沙效果研究

三门峡水库汛期排沙是解决泥沙淤积问题、控制潼关高程的关键途径。"蓄清排浑"运用以来,非汛期蓄水期库区发生淤积、汛期降低水位运用排泄全年泥沙,基本保持了库区动态冲淤平衡。不同控制水位和入库流量过程存在不同的排沙效果,针对三门峡水库汛期排沙过程的差异,对"蓄清排浑"运用以来汛期排沙特征进行统计,分析了水库敞泄和不同控制水位运用对排沙效果的影响。结果表明,在汛期平水305 m、洪水敞泄的运用条件下,水库排沙具有多来多排的特点,汛期排沙总量与入库含沙量和水量密切相关;完全敞泄时库区冲刷取决于流量大小和敞泄时间,净排沙效率随着水量的增加和敞泄时间的延长而减小,冲刷效率降低;汛期控制运用期,当流量在1000 m~3/s以上时、水位在305～311 m也会产生一定的排沙,排沙效果取决于含沙水流在壅水段的滞留时间和出入库流量之比。研究成果可为三门峡水库运用方式的优化提供依据。     

富县西部长2油层组储层控制因素分析

通过岩心薄片鉴定、扫描电镜和物性等分析资料,对富县西部长2段储层岩石学特征、孔隙类型和物性特征等进行研究,分析影响储层储集性能的主要控制因素。研究表明:以三角洲前缘的水下分流河道沉积的长2储层具有较低的成分成熟度和较高的结构成熟度,是控制储层发育的沉积因素;孔隙类型以粒间孔、溶蚀孔、微孔隙和裂隙为主,次生溶孔和微裂隙的存在为储层提供了储集空间和渗流通道;本区的成岩阶段已进入晚成岩A期,主要的成岩作用有压实-压溶、碳酸盐岩充填和溶解作用,不同成岩阶段的成岩作用对储层物性的改造不同,因此也控制着储层的储集性能。